How to Apply for BTO in Singapore: Complete Guide for First-Time Buyers

Buying a home is one of the most important milestones in life, and in Singapore, the Build-To-Order (BTO) flats offered by the Housing & Development Board (HDB) are among the most popular options. With competitive pricing and good locations, BTO flats are often the first choice for young couples and families. However, the process can be confusing if you are applying for the first time.

Sep 6, 2025 - 07:18

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In this guide, we’ll walk you through how to apply for BTO in Singapore, step by step, along with tips to improve your chances of getting your desired flat.

What is a BTO Flat?

Before diving into the application process, it’s important to understand what a BTO flat actually is.

Build-To-Order (BTO) flats are new public housing units launched by HDB in specific locations several times a year.
Buyers need to apply during the launch period and wait for the flat to be constructed, which usually takes around 3 to 5 years.
Prices are generally more affordable than resale flats, making them highly attractive to first-time home buyers.

Eligibility Criteria for BTO Application

Not everyone can apply for a BTO flat. HDB has strict eligibility conditions, so let’s break them down:

1. Citizenship

At least one applicant must be a Singapore Citizen.
The other applicant must be either a Singapore Citizen or a Singapore Permanent Resident (SPR).

2. Family Nucleus

You need to apply with a valid family nucleus. Examples include:

A married couple or those applying under the Fiancé/Fiancée Scheme.
Parents and children.
Siblings (both must be Singapore Citizens and unmarried).

3. Age

Applicants must be at least 21 years old.
Singles can apply for certain 2-room Flexi units from age 35.

4. Income Ceiling

There is an income cap depending on the flat type:
- 4-room or bigger flats: $14,000 household income.
- 3-room flats in non-mature estates: $7,000 to $14,000.
- Singles applying for 2-room Flexi flats: $7,000.

5. Property Ownership Rules

You should not own private property, whether in Singapore or overseas, within the last 30 months.
You must not have bought more than two subsidized flats from HDB previously.

Step-by-Step Process: How to Apply for BTO in Singapore

Now that eligibility is clear, let’s go through the exact process of applying for a BTO flat.

Step 1: Check Upcoming Launches

HDB announces BTO launches several times a year (usually in February, May, August, and November). Each launch will list the locations, number of flats, and available flat types. Research the area’s amenities, transport links, and future development plans before deciding.

Step 2: Work Out Your Budget

Before applying, calculate how much you can afford. Consider:

Your monthly household income.
CPF savings available for housing.
Loan eligibility (HDB loan vs. bank loan).
Additional expenses such as renovation and furnishing.

Tip: Use the HDB Loan Eligibility (HLE) letter if you’re applying for an HDB loan. If you’re considering a bank loan, get an In-Principle Approval (IPA) from your bank.

Step 3: Submit Application During the Launch

Applications open for about a week during each BTO exercise. You can submit your application online. During submission, you will:

Choose your preferred town and flat type.
Pay an application fee.
Wait for the balloting results.

Tip: Apply on the last day of the window—this won’t affect your chances but allows you more time to consider your options.

Step 4: Balloting Process

Once the application closes, HDB conducts a ballot to allocate queue numbers. Factors influencing your chances include:

First-time applicants have priority.
Families with children or applying near parents may get extra ballot chances.
Some launches in mature estates are oversubscribed, so chances may be lower.

Step 5: Flat Selection Appointment

If you get a good queue number, HDB will invite you to select your flat. During this appointment:

You’ll see which units are still available.
You must make your decision quickly as popular units are taken fast.
A booking fee (option fee) is payable.

Step 6: Signing the Agreement for Lease

Within a few months after booking your unit, you will be asked to sign the Agreement for Lease. At this stage, you need to:

Decide on your financing method (HDB loan or bank loan).
Pay the downpayment, legal fees, and stamp duties.
Submit required documents.

Step 7: Waiting for Construction

After the paperwork is complete, all you need to do is wait. Construction typically takes 3–5 years. During this period, you can start saving for renovation and future expenses.

Step 8: Key Collection and Moving In

When the flat is ready, HDB will notify you to collect the keys. Once you’ve collected them, you can begin renovation and eventually move in.

Tips to Improve Your Chances of Getting a BTO Flat

Applying for a BTO in Singapore is competitive, so here are some strategies:

Apply in Non-Mature Estates

Demand is usually lower, so your chances of securing a flat are higher.

First-Timer Priority

First-time buyers enjoy more ballot chances compared to second-timers.

Family and Parenthood Schemes

Couples with children or those applying under certain priority schemes can improve their odds.

Consider Smaller Flats

3-room flats are less popular than 4-room and 5-room units, so you may face less competition.

Financial Assistance and Grants

HDB offers several grants to make BTO flats more affordable:

Enhanced CPF Housing Grant (EHG): Up to $80,000 depending on household income.
Proximity Housing Grant: If you are buying a flat near your parents.
Special Housing Grant (if applicable): For lower- and middle-income households.

These grants reduce the overall cost, making BTOs an even more attractive option.

Common Mistakes to Avoid

Not Checking Eligibility Early

Many applicants overlook the income ceiling or family nucleus requirement.

Ignoring Budgeting

Some buyers overestimate how much they can afford, leading to financial stress.

Applying Without Strategy

Always consider demand and location before applying.

Missing Key Deadlines

From application windows to signing agreements, every step has strict timelines.

Conclusion

Learning how to apply for BTO in Singapore is essential for anyone planning to buy their first home. While the process may seem long and competitive, proper preparation makes it much smoother. From checking your eligibility to saving for your renovation, every step plays a crucial role.

By planning ahead, applying strategically, and making use of available grants, you can secure your dream home in one of Singapore’s BTO projects.

For first-time buyers, patience is key. Remember that even if you don’t succeed in one launch, there will always be another chance in the next exercise. With persistence and preparation, your new home is well within reach.